Design of Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines cover image
Design of Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines
by Subhamoy Bhattacharya
February 2019, E-Book

Welcome to the companion site for Design of Foundations for Offshore Wind Turbines.

This website gives you access to the rich tools and resources available for this text.

Biography of the author

Professor Bhattacharya is a Chartered Civil Engineering (CEng) and Fellow of the Institution of Civil Engineers (FICE). He currently holds the Chair in Geomechanics at the University of Surrey (UK) and directs SAGE (Surrey Advanced Geotechnical Engineering) laboratory, a specialized soil mechanics/geotechnical engineering laboratory for research and industrial testing. He is also the Programme Director for the specialized MSc course on Advanced Geotechnical Engineering, Adjunct professor at Zhejiang University (China), Guest Professor at Qingdao Technological University (China), Visiting Fellow at the University of Bristol (UK). Previously, Professor Bhattacharya held academic posts at: University of Bristol (Senior Lecturer in Dynamics), University of Oxford (Departmental Lecturer), Junior Research Fellow (Somerville College, Oxford), 21st Century Centre of Excellence Fellow (Tokyo Institute of Technology). Professor Bhattacharya obtained his PhD from University of Cambridge (UK).

Professor Bhattacharya spend many happy years in Industry: Jacobs- CES (Consulting Engineering Services, India) and Fugro Geo-consulting (UK). His research interests are in dynamic soil-structure interaction (both in earthquake and offshore), earthquake geotechnical engineering and advanced soil element testing. He has more than 20 years' professional and research experience in the behaviour and design of foundations in extreme environments. He has recently published over 25 papers on the dynamics of wind turbines including Soil-Structure Interaction and an integrated design method for the design of monopiles. He wrote one text book: Foundation design for offshore wind turbines (Wiley) and co-authored two text books: Fundamental of Engineering Mathematics (ICE-Thomas Telford Publishing) and Seismic design of foundations: Concepts and Applications (ICE-Thomas Telford Publishing).

List of publications can be found from the following links:

List of awards:

(1) 2013 Frederick Palmer Prize from ICE for the paper "Seismic retrofitting of non-engineered masonry in rural Nepal" published in the Proceedings of the ICE-Structures and Buildings. This work received extensive press attention following the 2015 Nepal earthquake (The Guardian, World Economic Forum) - see below:

(2) 2005 T. K. Hsieh Award for the paper "An alternative mechanism of pile failure in liquefiable deposits during earthquakes" published in Geotechnique April 2004 by the Institution of Civil Engineers (ICE).

Reviews of the book

Gary Li (Associate Director - Fugro APAC GeoConsulting, Hong Kong): The book is explicitly written for design practitioner of offshore foundation design with consideration of examples from Europe and China. I reviewed Chapter 6, which has demonstrated a clear and simple step by step approach on offshore wind farm foundation design. It is one of the practical and useful geotechnical engineering books available at this time in China and it has been implemented as a guide for setting up checks and design procedures for the Chinese offshore windfarm projects.

Carlos Molina Mesa (Ramboll, Denmark): This book is a great guide for both future engineers and practitioners interested in the passionate world of Offshore Wind Turbine design. I reviewed Chapter 5 and Prof Bhattacharya has the ability of making accessible the complex subject of Soil Structure Interaction.

Olsi Koreta (GEO, Denmark): A great guide for civil and geotechnical engineers involved with design of Offshore Wind Turbines. Some very useful conventional tools and examples are given in Chapter 6, which help to calibrate advanced finite element results and provide initial estimation for engineers involved with feasibility and preliminary analyses.

Dr Guang Quan Xu (Head of Renewables, North Asia, Lloyd's Register): This book clearly presents and summarizes all the aspects for designing foundation for wind turbines step by step, which provides a good guidance for practice engineers and also university students, who are interested in working in renewable industry. This book captures the important and fundamental foundation design procedures, including soil strength, soil structure interaction, foundation loading regions, long term behavior etc. Chapter 6 of the book presents simple and quick methods for designing a foundation, which effectively offers a tool for project developers to build a good understanding of foundation cost of at the early phase of the project.

Dr Amir M Kaynia (Norwegian Geotechnical Institute): Professor Bhattacharya has performed high quality research in several areas of geotechnical engineering and soil dynamics, and he has published a large number of widely referenced articles in his academic career. Over the past few years he has expanded and applied his research to the geotechnical aspects offshore wind energy, and in that process, he has published a large number of very useful articles addressing both practical and theoretical aspects of design of offshore wind structures. In addition, he has performed several experiments that have shed light on some key issues such as effect of soil-structure interaction on the dynamics of offshore wind turbines and deformation and failure mechanisms of turbine foundations. While the book covers the basic theoretical aspects of the subject, it also gives a very useful overview of the required geotechnical site characterization, determination of the main soil parameters, and estimation of the loads, including the environmental and earthquake loads. These are very instructive for a reader who wants to gain an understanding of the overall foundation design. In addition, the book contains many useful illustrations and pictures that help better understand the subject. Finally, the book provides a suite of simple formulas, for example for estimation of foundation stiffnesses and natural frequencies, and presents computational procedures in a practical way that make them easy to follow by practicing engineers. While the book is definitely a strong source for the design of foundations for offshore wind turbines, it can also be used as a reference for analysis of foundations for other types of structures.

Dr Richard Zhu (Professor of Zhejiang University and RICHTECH Offshore): This is the first book on foundation design for offshore wind turbines where Prof Bhattacharya assimilated the fundamentals of design with practical and useful examples. This will be very much appreciated by practicing engineers and masters and PhD students.

Dr Susana Lopez-Querol (University College London): This book is an excellent point of reference not only for the academic community, but also for practitioners and developers in the business of the wind turbines. This highly recommended book covers fundamental and basic concepts to top-of-the-edge trends on the research on the various civil engineering driven concepts for the design of these infrastructures. It includes theory and many examples of calculations. I highly recommend this book.

Prof Kaoshan Dai (Sichuan University, China): This book provides a good guidance and reference for university researchers and students who are working on offshore foundations. The book describes both theoretical and practical knowledge on offshore wind turbine foundation design. It is a valuable material for Chinese offshore renewable energy research and industry communities.

Prof. Paulo Marcelo Vieira Ribeiro, (Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Recife-PE, Brazil): Dr. Bhattacharya provides an exciting approach to foundation analysis of offshore wind turbines. The author presents topics in a clear and consistent manner, based on his personal experience - provided by many published technical papers - and in state-of-the-art technologies. This review is focused in Chapter 1, which describes general aspects of offshore wind turbines, following a discussion about different foundation types, as well as technical and economical requirements. As an enthusiast of renewable energy structures, I highly recommend this book.

Gustavo D. Sánchez (Senior Engineer, ScottishPower Renewables): The book is a complete guide for either young engineers or experienced professionals working in the field of Offshore Wind foundation design. I reviewed Chapter 1 which provides a complete but straightforward overview of the main challenges related to Offshore Wind energy projects and how the industry has solved them. This Chapter provides excellent examples with real application and brief historical reviews linked to the design and evolution of foundations for Offshore Wind turbines.

HIRONORI SUZUKI (, Civil Engineering Technology Division, SHIMIZU CORPORATION, Tokyo, Japan): This book is very useful for not only future engineers but practitioners of wind turbine. I reviewed Chapter 1 which is good introduction for a wind farm and wind turbine structure. It is also well-organized especially regarding wind turbine foundations. A lot of good pictures and practical examples help us to understand complicated foundation systems.

Please enter your password below and click submit to continue to the content. The password is the last word in the caption of figure 6.1. Please note password is case-sensitive.

Interested in joining related Wiley e-mail lists? Browse the available lists.

Sorry, that password is incorrect. Please try again.